Standard abbreviation: List Epiph.
Other titles: none
Clavis numbers: ECCA 847
Category: Lists of Apostles and Disciples
Related literature: Life of Andrew by Epiphanius the Monk
Compiled by Tony Burke, York University
Citing this resource (using Chicago Manual of Style): Burke, Tony. “List of the Apostles and Disciples by Pseudo-Epiphanius of Salamis.” e-Clavis: Christian Apocrypha. Accessed DAY MONTH YEAR. https://www.nasscal.com/e-clavis-christian-apocrypha/list-of-the-apostles-and-disciples-by-pseudo-epiphanius-of-salamis/.
Created January 2022. Current as of January 2024.
1. TRANSLATION
The text is given here in full (in a provisional translation based on Dolbeau’s choice of readings from Schermann’s edition for his French translation as well as the Latin text):
The names of the twelve apostles and where they preached the gospel of Christ and how they died.
1. Simon Peter, the chief of the apostles, as it appears clearly from his letters, preached the gospel of our Lord Jesus Christ in the region of Pontus, in Galatia, Cappadocia, Bithynia, Italy, Asia, and Illyria. Later, in Rome, under the Emperor Nero, he was crucified upside down, as he chose to suffer. He was buried in Rome itself, on the third day before the Calends of July, i.e. the month of Epiphi, or the 28th of the month of Payni, i.e. June.
2. Andrew, his brother, as the tradition says, preached to Scythians, to the Sogdians, to the Gorsinians and to Sebastopolis Major, where are the fort of Apsarus, the port of Hyssos and the Phasis River, in the land of the Ethiopians. He is buried at Patras, in Achaea, after being put on the cross under the authority of the king of Patras, Aegeas.
3. James, son of Zebedee, brother of John the Evangelist, preached the gospel of Christ to the twelve tribes of the diaspora. Under Herod, tetrarch of the Jews, he was executed by the sword and buried there in Judea.
4. John, his brother, first preached the gospel of Christ in Asia. Then under Trajan, emperor of the Romans, he was exiled on the island of Patmos because of the word of the Lord. There he wrote the Gospel according to John and distributed it through Gaius, who received him as a guest. After Trajan’s death, he returned from Patmos to Ephesus, where he was buried alive, at the age of one hundred and twenty years, according to the will of God.
5. Philip the apostle, who was from Bethsaida, the village of Peter and Andrew, preached the gospel in Upper Phrygia. He died in Hierapolis and is buried there gloriously with his family.
6. Bartholomew the apostle preached the gospel of Christ to the region of India called Happy and translated in the language of the country the Holy Gospel according to Matthew. He fell asleep in Albanopolis, a city of Greater Armenia, and was there buried.
7. Thomas the apostle, according to tradition, was from the city of Paneas in Galilee and preached the gospel of the Lord to the Parthians, the Medes, the peoples of Persia, Carmania, Hyrkania, India, Bactria and Margiana. He fell asleep after his martyrdom in the Indian city of Calamine, where he was gloriously buried.
8. Matthew the evangelist was from Jerusalem and there wrote, in the Hebrew language, the gospel of the Lord which he gave to the holy apostles and which was translated by James, the brother of the Lord. He fell asleep in Hierapolis, in Parthia, and was gloriously buried there. During his life in the world, he was a chief tax collector; when chosen by the apostles, he became chief compiler of the holy mysteries of our Lord Jesus Christ.
9. James, son of Alphaeus, surnamed the Just, brother of the Lord according to the flesh, was made the first bishop of Jerusalem by the apostles. Under the pretext of a debate, he was stoned by the Jews and thrown down; he fell asleep in Jerusalem and was gloriously buried there, near the tomb of the priests.
10. Thaddaeus, also called Lebbaeus, his (i.e., James’) brother, nicknamed Jude of James, preached the gospel of the Lord to the people of Edessa and throughout Mesopotamia, at the time of Abgar, king of Edessa. He died in Beirut and was buried there gloriously. [The Latin text has instead: Thaddaeus, also called Lebbaeus, was also bishop in Jerusalem with his brothers. When he had lived 120 years, he was bound to the cross and tortured in Caesarea Palaestina and was buried there gloriously.]
11. Jude, brother of the Lord, following James his brother and of Simeon nephew of the Lord, [. . .] having left him (i.e., Simon) seven years as bishop in Jerusalem. He preached the gospel of Christ throughout Judea and Samaria; he wrote a Catholic Epistle, and later had two sons, James and Zocer. He died gloriously in Jerusalem. [For Jude, the Latin text has: “Simon the Canaanean, surnamed Jude, son of Cleophas” and then follows the details for Thaddaeus.]
12. Matthias, one of the seventy [Latin: 72] disciples, to whom our Lord showed himself after his resurrection from among the dead, was numbered with the eleven apostles replacing Judas Iscariot. He preached the gospel of our Lord in Outer Ethiopia and was martyred there by the Ethiopians at the port of Hyssos.
13. Paul the apostle, after the ascension of the Lord into heaven, began to preach the gospel of the Lord; departing from Jerusalem, he went as far as Illyria, Italy, and Spain, from whom also letters imprinted with wisdom, circulate among us. Under Nero, the son of the Emperor Claudius, he had his head severed in Rome. He was martyred on the 5th of the month of Epiphi, the third day before the Calends of July, and was buried there near the holy apostle Peter; there both rest in Christ up to today.
14. Mark the evangelist was from Cyrene in Libya; he preached the gospel to the people of Alexandria, to all the surrounding area to the Pentapolis, throughout Egypt, and he transmitted the mystery of faith he had received from the apostle Peter. Dragged by force with ropes, he died in the great city of Alexandria; reduced to ashes by idolatrous Greeks, he was deposited in the district of Boukolou, where he is still today. The day of his dormition is the 30th of month of Pharmouti, i.e. April.
15. Luke the Evangelist, doctor by trade, wrote the Gospel according to Luke at the request of the apostle Paul. He preached in Greece, Rome and Italy. He wrote the Acts of the Apostles at the request of the apostle Paul, for he was traveling in company of the apostles, especially with Saint Paul. Of him, the blessed Paul mentions in his letters, when he writes: “Luke the physician greets you in the Lord.” He became bishop of Thebes and died and was buried there.
[From here to Narcissus, the source is the Latin text] 16. Titus preached, as bishop, the gospel of Christ in Crete and the neighboring islands. Paul had established him as local bishop. He fell asleep there and was buried there.
17. The Eunuch of Candace, Queen of Ethiopia, preached the gospel of the Lord in Arabia which is called Happy, that is to say, fruitful or fertile. It is said that he was gloriously martyred and buried on the island of Ceylon. This is where he rests even today, doing many miracles and chasing demons.
On the Seventy Disciples:
1. James, brother of the Lord, first bishop of Jerusalem.
2. Cleopas, nephew of the Lord.
3. Matthias, who completed the number of the twelve apostles.
4. Thaddeus, who brought a letter to Abgar, ruler of Edessa.
5. Ananias, who baptized Paul.
6. Stephen, the first martyr.
7. Philip, one of the seven, who baptized Simon and the Eunuch, and was bishop at Tralles, in Asia.
8. Prochorus, one of the seven, was bishop of Nicomedia.
9. Nicanor, one of the seven, who died the same day as Saint Stephen, with two others who had placed their hope in Christ.
10. Timon, one of the seven, was bishop of Bostra in Arabia.
11. Parmenas, one of the seven, who died before the eyes of the apostles.
12. Nicolaus, one of the seven, became bishop of Samaria, fell into heresy with Simon.
13. Barnabas, who helped Paul in the service of the word, was in Rome the first to preach Christ; he then became bishop of Milan.
14. Mark, whom Blessed Peter made bishop of Alexandria.
15. Silas, who helped Paul in the service of the word, was a bishop of Corinth.
16. Luke, who with Paul preached the gospel throughout the Earth.
17. Silvanus, who helped Paul in the service of the word, was bishop of Thessalonica.
18. Crescens, mentioned by Paul in the second (epistle) to Timothy, was bishop of Chalcis in Galatia.
19. Epaenetus, mentioned by Paul in the epistle to the Romans, was bishop of Carthage in Galatia.
20. Andronicus, whom the apostle mentions in the epistle to the Romans, was bishop of Pannonia.
21. Ampliatus, whom the apostle also mentions in the epistle to the Romans, was bishop of Edessa.
22. Urbanus, mentioned in the epistle to the Romans, was bishop of Macedonia.
23. Stachys, mentioned in the epistle to the Romans, who the apostle Andrew, while sailing on the Pontic Sea, established in Argyropolis of Thrace as bishop of Byzantium.
24. Apelles, mentioned in the epistle to the Romans, was bishop of Herakleia.
25. Phigellus, who adhered to the ideas of Simon, was bishop of Ephesus.
26. Hermogenes was bishop of Megara.
27. Demas, whom the Apostle mentions in the (epistle) to Timothy, resumed by the love of the present world after having served the evangelical word, became a priest of idols in Thessalonica. Of he, the apostle John wrote: “They went out from us, but they were not of us.”
28. Apelles, mentioned in the epistle to the Romans, was Bishop of Smyrna before Saint Polycarp.
29. Aristobulus, mentioned in the epistle to the Romans, was bishop in Brittany.
30. Narcissus, mentioned in the epistle to the Romans, was bishop of Athens.
31. Herodion, mentioned in the epistle to the Romans, was bishop of Patras.
32. Agabus, who in Acts merited the gift of prophecy.
33. Rufus, mentioned in the epistle to the Romans, was bishop of Thebes.
34. Asyncritus, mentioned in the epistle to the Romans, was bishop in Hyrkania.
35. Phlegon, mentioned in the epistle to the Romans, was Bishop of Marathon.
36. Hermes, mentioned in the epistle to the Romans, was bishop in Dalmatia.
37. Patrobas, mentioned in the epistle to the Romans, was bishop of Pozzuoli.
38. Hermas, mentioned in the epistle to the Romans, was bishop of Philippi.
39. Linus was bishop of Rome.
40. Gaius was bishop of Ephesus after Timon.
41. Philologus who the apostle Andrew made bishop of Sinope.
42–43. Olympas and Rodion were executed in Rome at the same time as Peter.
44. Lucius, mentioned in the epistle to the Romans, was Bishop of Laodicea, Syria.
45. Jason, mentioned in the epistle to the Romans, was bishop of Tarsus.
46. Sosipater, mentioned in the epistle to the Romans, was bishop of Iconium.
47. Tertius, the copyist of the epistle to the Romans, was the second bishop of Iconium.
48. Erastus, mentioned in the epistle to the Romans, was treasurer of Jerusalem, then bishop of Paneas.
49. Quartus, mentioned in the epistle to the Romans, was bishop of Beirut.
50. Apollos, mentioned in the first (epistle) to the Corinthians, was bishop of Caesarea.
51. Cephas, blamed by Paul in Antioch, was bishop of Koma.
52. Sosthenes, mentioned by the Apostle, was bishop of Colophon,
53. Epaphroditus, mentioned by the Apostle, was bishop of Andriake.
54. Caesar, mentioned by the Apostle, was bishop of Dyrrachium.
55. Mark, cousin of Barnabas, mentioned by the Apostle, was bishop of Apollonias.
56. Joseph (Latin: Jesus), called Justus, mentioned in Acts, was bishop of Eleutheropolis.
57. Artemas, mentioned by the Apostle, was bishop of Lystra.
58. Clement, the first, through the apostle Peter, to believe in Christ among the nations and the Greeks, was bishop of Serdica.
59. Onesiphorus, mentioned by the Apostle, was bishop of Coronea.
60. Tychicus, mentioned by the Apostle, was bishop of Chalcedon, in Bithynia.
61. Carpus, mentioned by the Apostle, was bishop of Beroe, in Thrace.
62. Evodius was, after the apostle Peter, bishop of Antioch, in Syria.
63. Mark, quoted in Acts, bishop of Byblos.
64. Zenas the lawyer, mentioned by the Apostle, bishop of Diospolis.
65. Philemon, mentioned by the Apostle, bishop of Gaza.
66–68. Aristarchus, Pudens and Trophimus: associated with all the persecutions against the Apostle; they were finally executed in Rome with him under Nero.
2. RESOURCES
3. BIBLIOGRAPHY
3.1 Manuscripts and Editions
3.1.1 Greek (BHG 150)
A Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France, gr. 1115, fols. 233v–235r (1276) ~ (= BHG 150m) Pinakes; Gallica
B Vienna, Österreichische Nationalbibliothek, theol. gr. 40 (olim 77), fols. 259v–261r (13th cent.) ~ Pinakes
C Vatican, Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, Reg. gr. Pio II 47, fols. 151v–153r (11th cent.) ~ Pinakes
D Oxford, Bodleian Library, Barocci 142, fols. 284r–288r (14th cent.) ~ apostolic list with Ps.-Dorotheus on disciples (BHG 152k); Pinakes; images
F Madrid, Biblioteca nacional de España, 4644 (olim N. 105), fols. 37r–37v (ca. 1490) ~ Pinakes; images
Others known to Schermann:
Milan, Biblioteca Ambrosiana, L 49 sup. (Martini-Bassi 484), fols. 116v–117v (13th cent.) ~ apostolic list with Ps.-Dorotheus on disciples (BHG 152k); Pinakes
Mount Sinai, Monē tēs Hagias Aikaterinēs, gr. 266 (15th cent.) ~ Pinakes; LOC
Mentioned by Dolbeau (1986, p. 303):
O Oxford, Bodleian Library, Auct. E. 4. 11, fols. 17v–21v (15th cent.) ~ copy of Paris, BnF gr. 1115; =BHG150m; Pinakes
S Mount Sinai, Monē tēs Hagias Aikaterinēs, gr. 976, fols. 56r–60v (16th/17th cent.) ~ BHG 152k; Pinakes; LOC
And listed by Christophe Guignard (2016):
Athens, Ethnikē Bibliothēkē tēs Hellados, gr. 209 (1364 and 1463) ~ Pinakes; images
Athens, Ethnikē Bibliothēkē tēs Hellados, Metochion tou Panagiou Taphou 190, fols. 45r–46v (17th cent.) ~ Pinakes
Mount Sinai, Monē tēs Hagias Aikaterinēs, gr. 534 (17th cent.) ~ Pinakes; LOC
Mount Sinai, Monē tēs Hagias Aikaterinēs, gr. 976, fols. 56r–60v (16th cent.) ~ copy of Paris, BnF gr. 1115; apostolic list with Ps.-Dorotheus on disciples (BHG 152k); Pinakes; LOC
Oxford, Christ Church College, 38 (1312)
Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France, fr. 9467, fols. 14r–17r (15th–17th cent.) ~ copy of Paris, BnF gr. 1115; Pinakes
Vatican, Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, Vat. gr. 433, fols. 260r–262r (15th cent.) ~ Pinakes; DigiVatLib
Schermann, Theodor. Prophetarum vitae fabulosae, indices apostolorum discipulorumque Domini, Dorotheo, Epiphanio, Hippolyto aliisque vindicata. Leipzig: B. G. Teubneri, 1907 (edition based on ABCDF and Latin translation by Musculus, Pseudo-Sophronios, and the list attributed to Oecumenius edited by Morel, pp. xxxv–xl; 107–26).
Gebhardt, Oscar von. Hieronymus. Liber de viris inlustribus in griechischer Übersetzung (der sogenannte Sophronius). TU 14.1b. Leipzig: J. C. Hinrichs, 1896 (the apostle list was used by Ps.-Sophronius to supplement Jerome’s text).
Donato, Bernardino, ed. Ἐξηγήσεις παλαιαὶ καὶ λίαν ὠφέλιμοι βραχυλογίαν τε καὶ σαφήνειαν τοῦ λόγου ἔχουσαι θαυμαστὴν ἐκ διαφόρων τῶν ἁγίων πατέρων ὑπομνημάτων ὑπὸ Οἰκουμενίου καὶ Ἀρέθα συλλεχθεῖσαι εἰς τὰς τῆς Νέας Διαθήκης πραγματείας τάσδε: Τοῦ μὲν Οἰκουμενίου εἰς τὰς Πράξεις τῶν ̓Αποστόλων, εἰς τὰς ἑπτὰ Καθολικὰς λεγομένας ἐπιστολάς, εἰς τὰς Παύλου πάσας: Τοῦ δὲ ̓Αρέθα εἰς τὴν ̓Ιωάννου ̓Αποκάλυψιν [Expositiones antiquae ac valde utiles brevitatem una cum perspicuitate habentes mirabilem, ex diversis sanctorum patrum commentariis ab Oecumenio et Aretha collectae in hosce Novi Testamenti tractatus: Oecumenii quidem In Acta Apostolorum; In septem epistolas quae Catholicae dicuntur: In Pauli omnes. Arethae vero In Ioannis Apocalypsim]. Verona: Stephanum & fratres Sabios, 1532 (text of Oecumenicus, pp. 4r–5r).
Morel, Fédéric. Οἰκουμενίου ὑπομνήματα εἰς τὰς τῆς Νέας Διαθήκης πραγματείας τάσδε: εἰς τὰς Πράξεις τῶν Αποστόλων, εἰς τὰς Παύλου πάσας, εἰς τὰς Καθολικὰς ἐπιστολὰς πάσας [Oecumenii Commentaria in hosce Novi Testamenti tractatus: in Acta Apostolorum, in omnes Pauli epistolas, in epistolas catholicas omnes.] 2 vols. Paris: Lutetiae Parisiorum Sonnius, 1630–1631 (reprint of Donato’s text of Oecumenicus, approx. vol. 1, pp. 6–8 [unpaginated]).
3.1.2 Latin (produced in the 12th century by Moses of Bergamo)
Nîmes, Bibliothèque Carré d’art de Nîmes, 52, fols. 141r–142v (12th/13th cent.) ~ Gallica
Dolbeau, François. “Une liste ancienne d’apôtres et de disciples, traduite du grec par Moïse de Bergame.” AnBoll 104 (1986): 299–314 (Latin text, pp. 307–14). Reprinted as pages 227–42 in Prophètes, apôtres et disciples dans les traditions chrétiennes d’Occident: Vies brèves et listes en latin. Subsidia Hagiographica 92. Brussels: Société des Bollandistes, 2012.
3.1.3 Other Lists Attributed to Epiphanius
3.1.3.1 BHG 154e/156n
A Vatican, Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, Vat. gr. 1974, fols. 7v and 70r–70v (12th cent.) ~ Pinakes
B Vatican, Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, Reg. gr. Pio II, 47, fols. 151v –153rr (11th cent.) ~ Pinakes
C Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France, gr. 68, fol. 55v (12th cent.) ~ Pinakes; Gallica
Schermann, Theodor. Propheten- und Apostellegenden nebst Jüngerkatalogen des Dorotheus und verwandter Texte. TUGAL 31/3. Leipzig: J. C. Hinrichs, 1907 (edition based on A and D, p. 232; commentary, pp. 233–39).
Guignard, Christophe. “Les témoins de la liste d’apôtres BHG 154e/156n dans l’édition de Schermann.” Marginalia. Posted 23 February 2015. Online: http://capitula.hypotheses.org/173.
3.2 Modern Translations
3.2 French
Dolbeau, François. “Listes d’apôtres et de disciples.” Pages 415–80 in Écrits apocryphes chrétiens. Vol. 2. Edited by Pierre Geoltrain and Jean-Daniel Kaestli. Bibliothèque de la Pléiade 443. Paris: Gallimard, 2005 (based on manuscript A and the Latin text, pp. 473–80). Reprinted with expansions as pages 171–98 in Prophètes, apôtres et disciples dans les traditions chrétiennes d’Occident: Vies brèves et listes en latin. Subsidia Hagiographica 92. Brussels: Société des Bollandistes, 2012.
3.3 Latin
Meuslin (Musculus), Wolfgang. Ecclesiasticae historiae autores. Vol. 10. Basel: Hervagania, 1557 (translation of text that combines the Epiphanius list of apostles with the Pseudo-Dorotheus of disciples; no indication of manuscript source; Schermann believed it was his manuscript B, pp. 806–19).
3.3 General Works
Dvornik, Francis. The idea of Apostolicity in Byzantium and the Legend of the Apostle Andrew. Dumbarton Oaks Studies 4. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1958 (pp. 175–79).
Guignard, Christophe. “Greek Lists of the Apostles: New Findings and Open Questions.” ZAC 20 (2016): 469–95 (pp. 476–79).
Leloir, Louis. Écrits apocryphes sur les apôtres. CCSA 3–4. 2 vols. Turnhout: Brepols, 1986–1992 (introduction, vol. 2, pp. 711–22).
Lipsius, Richard A. Die apokryphen Apostelgeschichten und Apostellegenden. 2 vols. in 3 parts. Braunschweig: Schwetschke, 1883–1890; reprinted Amsterdam: APA-philo, 1976 (see vol. 1, pp. 179–224).
Vinogradov, Andrey. “Апостольские списки – «забытая» страница христианской литературы [Apostolic Lists: A “Forgotten” Page of Christian Literature].” Богословские труды 40 (2005): 128–47 (esp. pp. 135–36136).
———. “Апостольские списки [Apostle Lists].” Pages 121–24 in vol. 3 of Православная энциклопедия [Orthodox Encyclopaedia]. Edited by the Patriarch of Moscow and All Russia. Moscow, 2000–.