Encomium on Philip, by Nicetas of Paphlagonia

Laudatio Philippi auctore Niceta Paphlagone

Standard abbreviation: Encom. Phil.

Other titles: none

Clavis numbers: ECCA 135

Category: Apocryphal Acts

Related literature: Acts of Philip; Hypomnema on Philip, by Symeon Metaphrastes

Compiled by Tony Burke, York University

Citing this resource (using Chicago Manual of Style): Burke, Tony. “Encomium on Philip by Nicetas of Paphlagonia.” e-Clavis: Christian Apocrypha. Accessed DAY MONTH YEAR.  https://www.nasscal.com/e-clavis-christian-apocrypha/encomium-on-philip-by-nicetas-of-paphlagonia/.

Created December 2022. Current as of January 2024.

1. SUMMARY

Nicetas begins his praise of Philip with a quotation of Isaiah 12:3, stating that the apostles drew water of salvation from the Savior, and Christians in turn draw from them like stags who are drawn to fountains of water. Each of the apostles are worthy of praise, but today, Nicetas writes, it is the occasion to celebrate Philip. He begins with a discussion of Philip’s calling from John 1:43–44. He states that Philip was born in Bethsaida and praises him for leaving everything behind to follow Jesus at the simple command of “Follow me.” Then he moves on to Philip sharing his new awareness about Jesus with Nathanael (John 1:45–46). Later, Philip preached in Asia, and performed cures and exorcisms. He also established churches, building altars and instituting rites and laws.

Nicetas then turns to how Philip departed this world. He was sent by the Holy Spirit to the great metropolis of Hierapolis in Phrygia. There the people worshipped idols and demons, particularly the Viper. Through prayers to God and invoking the name of Jesus, Philip destroyed the Viper. Then he used the occasion to preach about God as the creator of the universe, about how the first humans sinned against him, and how Jesus, born without sin, will redeem them. But the leading men of the city were incensed and put him in prison where they hung him with ropes by his heels. But Philip did not suffer alone, for Bartholomew was there with him, first as a companion in preaching and then in his passion. Mariamne, his virginal sister, also accompanied Philip and is worthy of praise.

Suddenly, the prison was shaken by an earthquake. All of the people who had assembled in the theatre to watch the apostles’ deaths tumbled into the ground. They cried out to Philip for help and promised to not sin again. The apostles prayed for their rescue and Jesus appeared to bring them out of the abyss. By this miracle the entire city came to believe.

Philip delivered a final command to the people to persevere in their faith and follow the commandments, and then surrendered his soul. Bartholomew and Mary were taken down from the gallows. They buried Philip and then departed to other cities. Nicetas finishes his encomium with calls to the audience to rejoice in their faith, to restore peace to the church, and to provide relief to the poor.

Named Historical Figures and Characters:  Andrew (apostle), Bartholomew (apostle), David (king), devil, Elisha (prophet), Elijah (prophet), Holy Spirit, Jesus Christ, Mariamne (sister of Philip), Moses (patriarch), Nathanael, Paraclete, Peter (apostle), Philip (apostle), Viper.

Geographical Locations: Asia, Bethsaida, Galilee, Hierapolis, Jerusalem, Phrygia.

2. RESOURCES

2.1 Commemorative Sites

First-century tomb in modern Pamukkale (ancient Hierapolis) identified as an ancient pilgrimage site dedicated to Philip.

3. BIBLIOGRAPHY

3.1 Manuscripts and Editions

3.1.1 Greek (BHG 1530)

Athos, Monē Dionusiou, 168 (1603) ~ Pinakes; LOC

Athos, Monē Grēgoriou, 10 (16th/17th cent.) ~ Pinakes

Athos, Monē Kouloumousiou, 624, pp. 815–830 (16th cent.) ~ Pinakes

Athos, Monē Megistēs Lauras, Β 112, fols. 237–240 (11th cent.) ~ Pinakes

Athos, Monē Megistēs Lauras, Δ 78, fols. 285–290 (13th/14th cent.) ~ Pinakes; LOC

Athos, Monē Megistēs Lauras, Ε 160, fols. 319–324 (1705) ~ Pinakes

Athos, Monē Megistēs Lauras, Η 206, fols. 167–170 (16th cent.) ~ Pinakes

Athos, Monē Simōnopetras, 44, pp. 852–686 (17th cent.) ~ Pinakes; destroyed

Athos, Monē Xenophōntos, 32, item 3 (14th cent.) ~ Pinakes; Athos

Athos, Monē Xēropotamou, 32 (date not provided) ~ Pinakes

Athos, Monē Xēropotamou, 149 (17th cent.) ~ Pinakes

Istanbul, Patriarchikē Bibliothēkē, Panaghia 1, fols. 140v–144v (1360) ~ Pinakes

Istanbul, Patriarchikē Bibliothēkē, Theologikē scholē 33, item 32 (16th cent.) ~ Pinakes

Moscow, State Historical Museum, Sinod. gr. 176, fols. 309v–315v (11th cent.) ~ Pinakes

Moscow, Russian State Library, Φ. 270 (P. I. Sevast’janov) 66 (gr. 128), fols. 230–235 (12th cent.) ~ Pinakes; RGB

Mutiline, Monē tou Leimōnos, 123, fols. 207–218v (1604) ~ Pinakes

Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France, Coisl. 146, fols. 110–121v (14th cent.) ~ Pinakes; Gallica

Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France, gr. 755, fols. 160–168v (11th cent.) ~ Pinakes; Gallica

Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France, gr. 1180, fols. 41–45v (10th cent.) ~ Pinakes; Gallica

Venice, Biblioteca Nazionale Marciana, gr. Z349 (coll. 693), fols. 232v–238v (11th cent.) ~ Pinakes

Combefis, François. Bibliothecae graecorum patrum auctarium novissimum. 2 vols. Paris: Aegidii Hotot, 1672 (Greek text from Paris gr. 1180 with Latin translation, vol. 1, pp. 379–86).

Latyšev, Vasilij V. “Ad Nicetae David Paphlagonis laudationes ss. apostolorum.” Bulletin de l’Académie impériale des sciences de St. Pétersbourg Ser. 6 vol. 10 (1916): 1505–1522 (variant readings from Moscow, Sinod. gr. 176, pp. 1517–19).

Migne, Jacques-Paul. Patrologiae cursus completus: Series graeca. Vol. 105. Paris: Cerf, 1862 (reproduction of Greek text and Latin translation by Combefis, cols. 163–84).

3.2 Modern Translations

3.3 General Works

Bovon, François.  “Les Actes de Philippe.” ANRW II.25.6 (1988): 4431–527 (brief description p. 4456).

Lipsius, Richard A. Die apokryphen Apostelgeschichten und Apostellegenden. 2 vols. in 3. Braunschweig, 1883–1890 (see vol. 2.2, pp. 39–46).